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- Anguttara Nikaya VII.58
- Capala Sutta
- Nodding
- For free distribution only, as a gift of Dhamma
Once the Blessed One was living among the Bhaggas in the Deer Park
at Bhesakala Grove, near Crocodile Haunt. At that time Ven. Maha Moggallana [prior to his Awakening] sat nodding near the
village of Kallavalaputta, in Magadha.
The Blessed One, with his purified divine eye, surpassing the human, saw Ven. Maha
Moggallana as he sat nodding near the village of Kallavalaputta, in Magadha. As soon as he
saw this -- just as a strong man might extend his flexed arm or flex his extended arm --
he disappeared from among the Bhaggas in the Deer Park at Bhesakala Grove, near Crocodile
Haunt, and re-appeared near the village of Kallavalaputta, in Magadha, right in front of
Ven. Maha Moggallana. There he sat down on a prepared seat. As he was sitting there, the
Blessed One said to Ven. Maha Moggallana, "Are you nodding, Moggallana? Are you
nodding?"
"Yes, lord."
"Well then, Moggallana, whatever perception you have in mind when drowsiness
descends on you, don't attend to that perception, don't pursue it. It's possible that by
doing this you will shake off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then recall to your
awareness the Dhamma as you have heard & memorized it, re-examine it & ponder it
over in your mind. It's possible that by doing this you will shake off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then repeat aloud in
detail the Dhamma as you have heard & memorized it. It's possible that by doing this
you will shake off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then pull both you
earlobes and rub your limbs with your hands. It's possible that by doing this you will
shake off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then get up from your
seat and, after washing your eyes out with water, look around in all directions and upward
to the major stars & constellations. It's possible that by doing this you will shake
off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then attend to the
perception of light, resolve on the perception of daytime, [dwelling] by night as by day,
and by day as by night. By means of an awareness thus open & unhampered, develop a
brightened mind. It's possible that by doing this you will shake off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then -- percipient of
what lies in front & behind -- set a distance to meditate walking back & forth,
your senses inwardly immersed, your mind not straying outwards. It's possible that by
doing this you will shake off your drowsiness.
"But if by doing this you don't shake off your drowsiness, then -- reclining on
your right side -- take up the lion's posture, one foot placed on top of the other,
mindful, alert, with your mind set on getting up. As soon as you wake up, get up quickly,
with the thought, 'I won't stay indulging in the pleasure of lying down, the pleasure of
reclining, the pleasure of drowsiness.' That is how you should train yourself.
"Furthermore, Moggallana, should you train yourself: 'I will not visit families
with my pride [literally, "my trunk" (i.e., a elephant's trunk)] lifted high.'
That is how you should train yourself. Among families there are many jobs that have to be
done, so that people don't pay attention to a visiting monk. If a monk visits them with
his trunk lifted high, the thought will occur to him, 'Now who, I wonder, has caused a
split between me and this family? The people seem to have no liking for me.' Getting
nothing, he becomes abashed. Abashed, he becomes restless. Restless, he becomes
unrestrained. Unrestrained, his mind is far from concentration.
"Furthermore, Moggallana, should you train yourself: 'I will speak no
confrontational speech.' That is how you should train yourself. When there is
confrontational speech, a lot of discussion can be expected. When there is a lot of
discussion, there is restlessness. One who is restless becomes unrestrained. Unrestrained,
his mind is far from concentration.
"It's not the case, Moggallana, that I praise association of every sort. But it's
not the case that I dispraise association of every sort. I don't praise association with
householders and renunciates. But as for dwelling places that are free from noise, free
from sound, their atmosphere devoid of people, appropriately secluded for resting
undisturbed by human beings: I praise association with dwelling places of this sort."
When this was said, Ven. Moggallana said to the Blessed One: "Briefly, lord, in
what respect is a monk released through the ending of craving, utterly complete, utterly
free from bonds, a follower of the utterly holy life, utterly consummate: foremost among
human & heavenly beings?"
"There is the case, Moggallana, where a monk has heard, 'All things are
unworthy of attachment.' Having heard that all things are unworthy of attachment, he
fully knows all things. Fully knowing all things, he fully comprehends all things. Fully
comprehending all things, then whatever feeling he experiences -- pleasure, pain, neither
pleasure nor pain -- he remains focused on inconstancy, focused on dispassion, focused on
cessation, focused on relinquishing with regard to that feeling. As he remains focused on
inconstancy, focused on dispassion, focused on cessation, focused on relinquishing with
regard to that feeling, he is unsustained by (does not cling to) anything in the world.
Unsustained, he is not agitated. Unagitated, he is unbound right within. He discerns:
'Birth is ended, the holy life fulfilled, the task done. There is nothing further for this
world.'
"It is in this respect, Moggallana, that a monk, in brief, is released through the
ending of craving, utterly complete, utterly free from bonds, a follower of the utterly
holy life, utterly consummate: foremost among human & heavenly beings."